My Account
Supervising projects on the job site, development and growth of the engineering sector in the Kingdom, side view of a Saudi Arabian Gulf petroleum engineer wearing a jacket and a protective helmet standing and holding papers in his hand and reviewing them, Saudi engineering professions and jobs, working in the field of petrochemical industries and oil refineries
Petrochemical industries and projects, engineering and urban development of oil refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil refinery on soft golden sands, harsh and dry climate, adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, huge and modern tools and equipment
Engineering and urban development of oil refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil refinery on soft golden sands, harsh and dry climate, adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, petrochemical industries and projects, huge and modern tools and equipment
Huge and large warehouses, petrochemical industries and projects, engineering and industrial equipment, factories and laboratories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in Al-Shorouk, oil and gas refining plant, Dukhan refinery laboratories.
Quality of machinery and equipment in factories that extract oil wealth from the depths of the seas, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf States, oil and gas refinery, petrochemical industries and projects, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, oil factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Gas production concept in Saudi Arabia, monitoring work progress at work site, back view of two Saudi Arabian Gulf workers wearing orange protective suits and helmets, oil and gas refinery, pipelines extending from the depths of the sea to the refineries
Adopting modern technologies in gas production in Saudi Arabia, following up on the progress of work in factories, a picture from the back of two Saudi Gulf Arab engineers wearing helmets and a protective vest and standing between pipelines, Saudi professions and jobs, background of the oil refining factory.
Engineering and urban development of oil refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil refinery on soft golden sands, harsh and dry climate, adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, petrochemical industries and projects, huge and modern tools and equipment
Oil platform for oil extraction, extraction and export of underground resources, drilling rig for oil exploration in the middle of the sea at night, huge drilling machines, quality of industrial tools and equipment, oil storage centers in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Following up on the progress of the factory’s work, cartoon drawings of a Saudi Gulf Arab engineer wearing a protective helmet, adopting modern techniques and technology in gas production in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, quality of oil production plants and equipment, engineering professions and jobs, petrochemical industrial projects
Petrochemical industries and projects in the Kingdom, development of the Saudi economy, pipelines and heavy steel equipment, huge drilling machines used in oil extraction, exploration for underground resources in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, work in the field of industrial and petroleum engineering
Following the progress of work in factories, Saudi professions and jobs, a picture from the back of two Saudi Gulf Arab engineers wearing work uniforms walking in an oil refining plant, the concept of gas productivity in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, blue sky background
Quality of petroleum production plants and equipment, large industrial facilities, oil and gas refinery, petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, oil factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, metal and chemical industries
Industrial engineering and equipment, petrochemical industries and projects, steel pipelines and cables, oil and gas refining plant in the industrial area, large and huge warehouses, factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Facilities for extracting blanket wealth, petrochemical industries and projects, factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a close-up of huge pipes in the middle of the desert, huge and large warehouses, industrial engineering and equipment
Oil and gas refineries, petrochemical industries and projects, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, towers and metal structures in desert lands, large and huge warehouses and tanks, fuel factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Large and huge warehouse tanks, metal towers and structures in desert lands, oil and gas refineries, petrochemical industries and projects, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, fuel factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Huge industrial facilities illuminated at dawn, quality of petroleum production laboratories and equipment, oil and gas refinery, petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, oil factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, metal and chemical industries
Use of modern techniques and technology in gas production in Saudi Arabia, quality of oil production plants and equipment, back view of a Saudi Arabian Gulf man wearing a helmet and a protective vest following the progress of factory work, Saudi professions and jobs, oil refinery background
Adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, soft golden sand dunes, engineering and urban development of oil refineries, oil refinery in the desert of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, huge and modern tools and equipment
Huge drilling machines used in petroleum extraction, exploration for underground resources in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, development of the Saudi economy, petrochemical industries and projects in the Kingdom, pipelines and heavy steel equipment, work in the field of industrial and petroleum engineering.
Petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, sunset view of the sky with high illuminated structures, petroleum engineering field in the Gulf countries, oil and gas refinery, oil factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, large and huge warehouses and tanks
Oil and gas refineries, petrochemical industries and projects, petroleum engineering concept in the Gulf countries, renaissance of the Saudi national economy, towers and metal structures in desert lands
Petrochemical industries and projects, pipelines and steel cables, oil and gas refining plant in the industrial zone, factories and laboratories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, huge and large warehouses, industrial engineering and equipment.
Lighting of towers and metal structures at night, large and huge warehouses and tanks, oil factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, working in the field of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, a side view of a Saudi Arabian Gulf engineer wearing a jacket and a protective helmet following the progress of work in the plants
Oil exploration tools and equipment, petrochemical industrial projects, silhouette of oil extraction process from desert lands at sunset, economic growth and progress, adoption of modern techniques and technology in gas production in Saudi Arabia, Saluit
Concept of work in the industrial engineering sector, oil refineries in Saudi Arabia, quality of machinery and equipment in oil extraction plants, close-up of the NAFC refinery illuminated at night, use of modern technologies in oil and gas production
Petrochemical industries and projects, petroleum engineering concept, oil factories in Saudi Arabia, oil and gas refinery, renaissance of the Saudi national economy, quality of machinery and equipment in factories extracting oil wealth from the depths of the seas
Renaissance of the Saudi national economy, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, metal towers and structures in the desert, oil and gas refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, large and huge warehouses and tanks, petrochemical industries and projects.
Engineering and urban development of oil refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil refinery on soft golden sands, harsh and dry climate, adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, petrochemical industries and projects, huge and modern tools and equipment
Fuel factories and mines in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, large and huge warehouses and tanks, towers and metal structures in desert lands, oil and gas refineries, petrochemical industries and projects, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy.
Saudi National Economy Revival, Towers and Metal Structures in Desert Lands, Large and Huge Warehouses and Tanks, Petrochemical Industries and Projects, Petroleum Engineering Concept in Gulf Countries, Oil and Gas Refineries, Fuel Factories and Mines in Saudi Arabia
Oil refinery factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the concept of work in the industrial engineering sector, the quality of machinery and equipment in oil extraction factories, modern technologies in oil and gas production.
Engineering and urban development of oil refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil refinery on soft golden sands, harsh and dry climate, adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, petrochemical industries and projects, huge and modern tools and equipment
Quality of laboratories extracting oil wealth from the depths of the seas, the concept of petroleum engineering, oil factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil and gas refinery, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, petrochemical industries and projects
The concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, petrochemical industries and projects, oil and gas refineries, towers and metal structures in desert lands, large and huge storage tanks, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, fuel factories and mines in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Following up on the progress of the factory’s work, the quality of oil production laboratories and equipment, supervising oil refining in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, petrochemical industrial projects, a picture from the back of a Saudi Gulf Arab engineer wearing a protective jacket and helmet
Engineering and urban development of oil refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil refinery on soft golden sands, harsh and dry climate, adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, petrochemical industries and projects, huge and modern tools and equipment
Oil production in the Kingdom, economic growth and progress, view of smoke from factories in the air at sunset, factories and plants in Saudi Arabia, petrochemical industries and projects, oil and gas refining plant, huge and large warehouses, industrial engineering and equipment
Modern technologies in oil and gas production, oil refineries at sunset in Saudi Arabia, quality of machinery and equipment in oil extraction plants, concept of work in the industrial engineering sector
Fuel factories and mines in Saudi Arabia, large and huge warehouses and tanks, towers and metal structures in desert lands, oil and gas refineries, petrochemical industries and projects, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy
Quality production and manufacturing, achieving the industrial revolution, adopting modern techniques and technology in engineering, a close-up photo of a Saudi-Gulf Arab engineer wearing glasses and a safety helmet inspecting oil and gas equipment in the factory, Saudi professions and jobs
Huge industrial facilities illuminated at dawn, quality of petroleum production laboratories and equipment, oil and gas refinery, petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, oil factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, metal and chemical industries
Petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, metal and chemical industries, oil factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, quality of petroleum production plants and equipment.
Following the progress of work in factories, a picture from the back of two Saudi Gulf Arab engineers wearing helmets and protection vests standing between pipelines at sunset, the concept of gas production in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi professions and jobs, background of the oil refining plant
Oil refinery in the desert of Saudi Arabia, huge and modern tools and equipment, adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, soft golden sand dunes, engineering and urban development of oil refineries
Oil refinery, petrochemical industries and projects, renaissance of the Saudi national economy, large and huge warehouses and tanks, lighting of metal structures, view of the full moon shining at night in the sky, factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf States
Petrochemical industrial projects, engineering professions and jobs, monitoring the progress of factory work, cartoon drawings of a Saudi Gulf Arab engineer wearing a safety helmet, adopting modern techniques and technology in gas production in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, quality of oil production plants and equipment.
Towers and metal structures in desert lands, large and huge warehouse tanks, oil and gas refineries, petrochemical industries and projects, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, fuel factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Fuel and mines in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, large and huge warehouses and tanks, towers and metal structures in desert lands, oil and gas refineries, petrochemical industries and projects, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy.
Follow up the progress of work in factories and plants, a group of Saudi Arabian Gulf engineers working in an oil and gas refining plant, working in the field of petrochemical industries and projects, steel pipelines and cables, the concept of gas productivity in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Quality of oil production plants and equipment, use of modern techniques and technology in gas production in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, back view of a Saudi Arabian Gulf man wearing a helmet and a protective vest following the progress of factory work, engineering professions and jobs, oil refinery background
Petrochemical industrial projects, 3D drawings of underground resources extraction by crane pump in the desert, economic growth and progress, quality of oil production plants and equipment, adoption of modern techniques and technology in gas production in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Metal towers and structures at night, industrial equipment in warehouses and large tanks, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, oil and gas refineries, petrochemical industries and projects, oil factories and laboratories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Gas production concept in Saudi Arabia, image of a Saudi Arabian Gulf man wearing a helmet and a safety vest following the factory workflow via laptop, youth jobs and professions, oil refinery background
Oil and gas refinery in industrial area, steel pipelines and cables, petrochemical industries and projects, pollution from oil production, factories and plants in Saudi Arabia, large and huge warehouses, industrial engineering and equipment
Quality of oil production laboratories and equipment, adoption of modern techniques and technology in gas production in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, cartoon drawings of a Saudi-Gulf Arab engineer wearing a protective helmet working on an oil refinery, following up on the progress of factory work, Saudi professions and jobs
Petrochemical industrial projects, engineering professions and jobs, monitoring the progress of factory work, cartoon drawings of a Saudi Gulf Arab engineer wearing a safety helmet, adopting modern techniques and technology in gas production in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, quality of oil production plants and equipment.
Petrochemical industries and projects in the Kingdom, Extraction of underground resources from the sea, Huge machines and heavy equipment used in oil exploration, Work in the field of petroleum engineering, Oil and gas refining plants in the industrial zone in Saudi Arabia, Saudi economic growth and progress
Oil and gas refinery, oil factories and plants in the middle of nature in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, large and huge warehouses and tanks, petrochemical industries and projects
Renaissance of the Saudi national economy, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, towers and metal structures in the desert at sunset, oil and gas refinery in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, large and huge warehouses and tanks, petrochemical industries and projects
Following up on the progress of the factory’s work, cartoon drawings of a Saudi Gulf Arab engineer wearing a protective helmet, adopting modern techniques and technology in gas production in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, quality of oil production plants and equipment, engineering professions and jobs, petrochemical industrial projects
The concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf States, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, towers and metal structures in desert lands, large and huge warehouses and tanks, oil and gas refineries, fuel factories and mines in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, petrochemical industries and projects
Fuel factories and mines in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, large and huge warehouses and tanks, metal towers and structures in desert lands, oil and gas refineries, petrochemical industries and projects, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy.
Adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, soft golden sand dunes, engineering and urban development of oil refineries, oil refinery in the desert of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, huge and modern tools and equipment
Petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, metal and chemical industries, oil factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, quality of petroleum production plants and equipment.
Concept of work in the industrial engineering sector, oil refineries in Saudi Arabia, quality of machinery and equipment in oil extraction plants, close-up of the NAFC refinery illuminated at night, use of modern technologies in oil and gas production
Petrochemical industries and projects, working in the field of petroleum engineering, close-up from the back of a group of Gulf engineers wearing protective suits and helmets assessing the quality of oil plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil and gas refining plant in the industrial area
Huge and large warehouses, petrochemical industries and projects, industrial engineering and equipment, factories and plants in Saudi Arabia at sunset, oil and gas refinery, refinery smoke factories, oil production in the Kingdom, economic growth and progress
Petroleum engineering concept in the Gulf countries, oil factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, petrochemical industries and projects, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, an aerial view of an oil and gas refinery, large and huge warehouses and tanks, steel pipelines and cables
Factories and laboratories of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, 3D design of an oil and gas refining plant, Dukhan refinery laboratories, petrochemical industries and projects, huge and large warehouses, engineering and industrial equipment, gray background
Lighting of towers and metal structures at night, large and huge warehouses and tanks, oil factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, oil and gas refinery, petrochemical industries and projects, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy
Quality of industrial tools and equipment, oil platform for oil extraction, extraction and export of underground resources, drilling rig for oil exploration in the middle of the sea at night, huge drilling machines, oil storage centers in Saudi Arabia
Supervising oil refining in refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, following up on the progress of work in factories and laboratories, a picture from the side, a Saudi Arabian Gulf engineer wearing a protective helmet standing between pipes and heavy equipment, working in facilities specialized in petrochemical industries
Engineering and urban development of oil refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil refinery on soft golden sands, harsh and dry climate, adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, petrochemical industries and projects, huge and modern tools and equipment
Fuel factories and mines in Saudi Arabia, large and huge warehouses and tanks, towers and metal structures in desert lands, oil and gas refineries, petrochemical industries and projects, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy
Quality of petroleum production plants and equipment, large industrial facilities, oil and gas refineries, petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, oil factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, lighting towers and metal structures with a view of the sky at dawn
Following the progress of work in factories, a close-up photo from the back of a Saudi Gulf Arab engineer wearing a helmet and a protective vest standing between pipelines at sunset, the concept of gas production in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi professions and jobs, background of an oil refining factory
Oil factories in Saudi Arabia, quality of oil production plants and equipment, huge illuminated industrial facilities, oil and gas refinery, petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, metal and chemical industries, a sky full of stars
Monitoring the progress of work in factories and laboratories, the concept of gas productivity in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi professions and jobs, a close-up photo from the back of a Saudi Gulf Arab engineer wearing a helmet and a protective vest standing between pipelines at sunset, the background of an oil refining plant
Professional photography of a crude oil plant in Saudi Arabia, highlighting industrial architecture, close-up of a modern and bright oil refinery, advanced technical equipment and tools, petrochemical industries and projects, large and huge warehouses, industrial engineering and equipment
Oil and gas refinery in industrial area, petrochemical industries and projects, petroleum engineering work, close up of gulf engineer wearing protective suit and helmet assessing quality of oil plants in saudi arabia
Oil refineries in Saudi Arabia, petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, gas plants and refineries, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, lighting towers and metal structures at sunset, large and huge warehouses and tanks
Oil and gas refinery in industrial area amidst forests and nature, steel pipelines and cables, petrochemical industries and projects, pollution resulting from oil production, factories and plants in Saudi Arabia, huge and large warehouses, industrial engineering and equipment
Fuel factories and mines in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf States, large and huge warehouses and tanks, towers and metal structures, oil and gas refineries, petrochemical industries and projects
Pipelines and heavy steel equipment, huge drilling machines used in petroleum extraction, exploration for underground resources in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, petrochemical industries and projects in the Kingdom, development of the Saudi economy, work in the field of industrial and petroleum engineering
Engineering and urban development of oil refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil refinery on soft golden sands, harsh and dry climate, adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, petrochemical industries and projects, huge and modern tools and equipment
Working in the field of petroleum engineering, close-up from the back of two Gulf engineers wearing protective suits and helmets assessing the quality of oil plants in Saudi Arabia, Oil and gas refinery plant in the industrial area, Petrochemical industries and projects
Petrochemical industries and projects, working in the field of petroleum engineering, close-up of a Saudi Arabian Gulf engineer wearing a helmet and a protective vest holding papers in his hand standing inside one of the oil factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, an oil and gas refining plant in the industrial zone
Following up on the progress of work in factories, a picture from the back of a Saudi Gulf Arab engineer wearing a helmet and a protective vest working in the petroleum industry, the interior of a large industrial building equipped with pipelines for gas production in Saudi Arabia, heavy equipment and tools, the concept of engineering and industry
Large and massive warehouses and tanks, lighting of towers and metal structures at sunset, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, oil and gas refinery, petrochemical industries and projects, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, oil factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Engineering and urban development of oil refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil refinery on soft golden sands, harsh and dry climate, adoption of modern techniques and technology in oil and gas production, petrochemical industries and projects, huge and modern tools and equipment
Oil factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, oil and gas refinery, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf States, lighting towers and metal structures at sunset, large and huge warehouses and tanks
Steel pipelines and cables, gas productivity concept in Saudi Arabia, monitoring the progress of work in factories and plants, a group of Saudi Arabian Gulf engineers working in an oil and gas refining plant, working in the field of petrochemical industries and projects
The renaissance of the Saudi national economy, lighting towers and metal structures at night, oil factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, oil and gas refinery, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf States, large and huge warehouses and tanks, petrochemical industries and projects
Oil and gas refinery, petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, metal and chemical industries, oil factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, quality of petroleum production plants and equipment.
Concept of work in the industrial engineering sector, oil refineries in Saudi Arabia, quality of machinery and equipment in oil extraction plants, close-up of the NAFC refinery illuminated at night, use of modern technologies in oil and gas production
Oil factories and plants in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, lighting towers and metal structures, oil and gas refinery, the concept of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, large and huge warehouses and tanks, petrochemical industries and projects
Sky view at dusk with high illuminated structures, field of petroleum engineering in the Gulf countries, oil and gas refinery, petrochemical projects contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, oil factories and laboratories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, large and huge warehouses and tanks
Industrial engineering and equipment, oil and gas refining plant in industrial area, steel pipelines and cables, petrochemical industries and projects, aerial view from above of power generation and waste recycling plants in Saudi Arabia ports, huge and large warehouses
Pipes and large equipment, the concept of work in the industrial engineering sector, oil refineries in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the quality of machinery and equipment in oil extraction plants, the use of modern technologies in the production of oils and gas
Industrial engineering and equipment, factories and plants in Saudi Arabia, oil and gas refining plant in the industrial area, steel pipelines and cables, petrochemical industries and projects, pollution resulting from oil production, large and huge warehouses
The concept of gas production in Saudi Arabia. Monitoring the workflow in factories, pipelines and steel cables. A close-up shot of a group of Saudi-Gulf engineers working in an oil and gas refining plant, working in the field of petrochemical industries and projects.
Renaissance of the Saudi National Economy, Fuel Factories and Mines in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Large and Huge Warehouses and Tanks, Towers and Metal Structures, Oil and Gas Refineries, Petrochemical Industries and Projects, Petroleum Engineering Concept in the Gulf States
Petrochemical industries and projects, working in the field of petroleum engineering, a back view of a Saudi Arabian Gulf engineer wearing a helmet and a safety vest evaluating the quality of oil factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, an oil and gas refinery in the industrial zone
Development industries contributing to the renaissance of the Saudi national economy, industrial factories in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, smoke rising from factories and polluting the environment, large and huge warehouses and tanks, an industrial station with towers and metal structures at sunset, reliance on local national production
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