Muslim pilgrims circumambulate around the Holy Kaaba during the day, the Holy Mosque in Mecca, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, worship and getting closer to God, sacred Islamic religious landmarks, Hajj season in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
The Holy Mosque of Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, sacred Islamic religious places and landmarks, a picture from above of the flag rings in the Grand Mosque in Mecca, architectural engineering art in the Islamic style, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals
Sacred Islamic religious places and landmarks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals in Mecca, pilgrims to the House of God circumambulating the Kaaba in the Grand Mosque, the concept of worship and drawing closer to God
The Qiblah of Islam and Muslims, a close-up of pilgrims circumambulating the Sacred House of God in the Holy Mosque in Mecca, sacred Islamic places and landmarks in Saudi Arabia, the Royal Clock Tower overlooking the Holy Kaaba in Mecca, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, worship and drawing closer to God
Aerial photos of the city of Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, the Hajj season 2023, the clock tower and modern architectural buildings, Islamic religious places and landmarks in Saudi Arabia.
Pilgrims of the Sacred House of God in the outer courtyard of the Grand Mosque in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, Saudi Arabia, towers and hotels overlooking the Grand Mosque in Mecca, pilgrims of the House of God feeding pigeons, Islamic landmarks, religious touri
A picture of the Kaaba in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, performing Hajj and Umrah, circumambulating the Kaaba, worshiping and getting closer to God, Islamic religious landmarks in Saudi Arabia
Pictures from various sides of the Prophet's Mosque in Medina in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, worship and closeness to God, the Prophet's Mosque, the Prophet Muhammad Mosque, the green dome of the landmarks of the Prophet's Mosque
The Holy House of God in the Holy Mosque of Mecca, the Royal Clock Tower in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, sacred Islamic places and landmarks, a close-up of pilgrims and pilgrims around the Holy Kaaba in Mecca, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, worship and getting closer to God, the Qibla of Islam and Muslims.
The circumambulation of pilgrims and Umrah performers around the Kaaba in the Sacred House of God in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the courtyards of the Holy Mosque of Mecca, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, worship and dra
Pilgrims at the Grand Mosque in Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing Hajj and Umrah, pilgrims walking in the outer complex of the Grand Mosque, worship and getting closer to God, Islamism and worship, Islamic holy places
Pilgrims and Umrah performers in the courtyard of the Grand Mosque in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in Saudi Arabia, the Holy Mosque of Mecca, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, Islamic religious landmarks, Islamic holy places
Pilgrims and Umrah performers in the Holy Mosque of Mecca in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, circumambulating around the Kaaba, the Holy Kaaba, Hajj season, Hajj and Umrah, the Grand Mosque in
Sacred Islamic places and landmarks, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, worship and getting closer to God, a close-up picture of a group of pilgrims in Mecca, circumambulating around the Kaaba, the Noble Mosque of Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Islamic matters and worship, Hajj season
Pilgrims gathering in the courtyards of the Holy Mosque of Mecca in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, worship and getting closer to God, circumambulation of pilgrims and Umrah pilgrims around the Holy Kaaba, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, sacred Islamic religious
Performing religious duties and prayers and getting closer to God, a three-dimensional model of a mosque with Islamic-style designs, the architectural engineering art of building mosques in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the sacred Islamic religious landmarks, the towering domes and minrets
Sacred Islamic religious places and landmarks, the concept of worship and closeness to God Almighty, a close-up photo of a smiling, veiled Saudi Gulf Arab woman looking at the camera with expressions of pleasure, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, the background of the Holy Kaaba in Mecca.
The courtyard of the Prophet’s Mosque in Medina in the Kingdom, a close-up picture of the Muslims gathering under the huge electronic umbrellas in the Prophet’s Mosque, the Hajj and Umrah season, worship and getting closer to God, the distinguished religious landmarks in Saudi Arabia
A picture from inside the Kaaba (the Qibla of Muslims) in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, worship and getting closer to God, photography from inside the Great Mosque of Mecca, circumambulation around the Kaaba, performing the Hajj, Mu
The Holy Mosque of Mecca in Mecca, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, worship and getting closer to God, sacred Islamic religious landmarks, Muslim pilgrims circumambulating the Kaaba in Mecca, the Royal Clock Tower building
Performing the obligatory prayers and prayers, acts of worship and getting closer to God, the destination of Muslims in all parts of the earth, the gathering of Muslims around the Holy Kaaba to perform the rituals of Hajj and Umrah in Mecca, the circumambulation of pilgrims around the Sacred House of God in the Holy Mosque of Mecca.
Aesthetic image from inside the Grand Mosque in Mecca, the Royal Clock Tower building at night, performing Hajj and Umrah, worship and getting closer to God, Islamic religious landmarks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
The outer courtyard of the Holy Mosque in Mecca, the luxury hotels and towers surrounding the mosque, the Islamic gathering from all over the world to perform worship and draw closer to God, sacred Islamic religious places and landmarks, pilgrims and pilgrims in the outer courtyard of the Holy House of God
Domes and minarets in the modern Islamic style, the architectural art of building mosques in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, worship and getting closer to God, Islamic holy places, the background of the starry sky with the Ramadan crescent
Decorations and architectural designs for building mosques in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Islamic landmarks and holy places, minarets and domes in the modern Islamic style, getting closer to God Almighty through worship.
Pictures from various sides of the Prophet's Mosque in Medina in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, worship and closeness to God, the Prophet's Mosque, the Prophet Muhammad Mosque, the green dome of the landmarks of the Prophet's Mosque
Sacred Islamic landmarks and places, illustrations of pilgrims to the Sacred House of God on Mount Arafat in Mecca, the arrival of Muslims from all over the world to perform the Hajj and get closer to God Almighty, the preparation of pilgrims for departure, the completion of the Hajj rituals
Performing Umrah and getting closer to God in the month of Ramadan, a close-up picture of a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab young man wearing Ihram clothes and preparing to perform the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, facial gestures indicating happiness in visiting the Holy House of God in Mecca, the background of the Holy Kaaba and the towers of the Holy Mosque in Mecca.
Pilgrims of the Sacred House of God perform prayers in the Holy Mosque of Mecca in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Kaaba in Mecca, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, holy Islamic places
Performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, pilgrims and Umrah performers in the courtyard of the Grand Mosque in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in Saudi Arabia at night, the Holy Mosque of Mecca, Islamic religious landmarks, Islamic holy places
Pilgrims of the Sacred House of God near the Holy Kaaba in the Grand Mosque in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, circumambulating around the Holy Kaaba, worship and drawing closer to God, Islami
Pilgrims and Umrah gather in the courtyard of the Grand Mosque, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, the development of architectural engineering for the luxury hotels and towers surrounding the Holy Mosque in Mecca, sacred Islamic religious places and landmarks.
Portrait of a Saudi Arabian Gulf man wearing the Ihram dress and using a mobile phone, using the guidance application service to perform the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, the Hajj guide application via the mobile phone, the application of supplications and r
Group of workers cleaning the hills of Safa at the Grand Mosque, Jabal Al Safa and Al Marwa in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, Islamic holy places, Islamic religious landmarks, Islamism and worship
Performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, getting closer to God by reading the Qur’an, a portrait of a Saudi Arabian Gulf woman wearing the Ihram dress sitting on the prayer rug and holding in her hand the Holy Qur’an book, contemplating and reading the b
The Royal Clock Tower building overlooking the Holy Mosque of Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, worship and getting closer to God, Islamic religious landmarks in the Holy Kaaba, modern architectural engineering style for towers and skyscrapers
Sacred Islamic religious landmarks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the architectural art of the Royal Clock Tower building in Mecca, purposes and places for performing worship and drawing closer to God Almighty, a view of the sky full of clouds.
Pilgrims at the Grand Mosque in Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing Hajj and Umrah, pilgrims in the outer complex of the Grand Mosque, worship and getting closer to God, Islamism and worship, Islamic holy places
A close-up of a Saudi Arabian Gulf man wearing the Ihram dress and raising his hands to supplicate and supplicate to God, performing Hajj and Umrah, worshiping and getting closer to God, performing Hajj, remembrances and supplications
Close-up of the Kaaba in Mecca, the Kaaba cover, Quranic verses on the Kaaba cover, the Black Stone, the Holy House of God in the Holy Mosque in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in Saudi Arabia, Islamic holy places, the entrance to the Kaaba in the Grand Mosque in Ma
Completing the Hajj rituals by standing on the Mount of Mercy, gathering of pilgrims of the Sacred House of God on Mount Arafat, crowds of Muslims flocking to the mountain, a pause on the Day of Arafat, supplication and drawing closer to God, a famous Islamic landmark in Mecca, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
The architectural art of the Qiblatain Mosque, sacred Islamic religious places and landmarks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the dome of the mosque in Medina, worship and closeness to God
Pilgrims of the Sacred House of God near the Holy Kaaba in the Holy Mosque of Mecca in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, circumambulating the Holy Kaaba, worship and drawing closer to God, Islam
Praying and pleading to God in the Sacred Mosque, a picture from the back of a Saudi Arabian Gulf pilgrim wearing the Ihram dress standing in front of the Holy Kaaba in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, a close-up of the gutter of the Holy Kaaba, performing the Hajj
Performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, sacred Islamic religious landmarks and places in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, circumambulation around the Holy Kaaba, a close-up photo of the pilgrims of the Holy House of God near the door of the Holy Kaaba in the Holy Mosque in Mecca.
The Noble Sanctuary in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, circumambulating around the Holy Kaaba, a close-up of pilgrims to the Holy House of God near the door of the Holy Kaaba, sacred Islamic r
Entrance gate to the Prophet’s Mosque, performing prayers in the Prophet’s Mosque in Medina, worship and getting closer to God, sacred religious landmarks and places in Saudi Arabia, interior decorations and designs in the Islamic style
Sacred Islamic religious landmarks, the illuminated Royal Clock Tower building at night in Mecca, modern architectural art in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the growth and urban progress of towers and skyscrapers
A picture of the landmarks of the Grand Mosque in Mecca in the holy city of Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the background of the Grand Mosque from the outside and inside
Pilgrims of the Sacred House of God in the Holy Mosque of Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing prayers in the Grand Mosque in Mecca, worship and drawing closer to God, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, Islamic religious landmarks, the
A picture from the back of pilgrims inside the campus, the Kaaba in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, performing Hajj and Umrah, circumambulating the Kaaba, worshiping and getting closer to God, Hajj season 2022, Islam and worship
A Saudi Arabian Gulf man wears the Ihram dress and performs the obligatory prayer, bowing and prostrating, Tarawih prayer, prayer and supplication to God, performing Hajj and Umrah, worship and getting closer to God, Remembrances and supplications
The green dome and the minaret of Al-Rawdah Al-Sharif at sunset, an overhead aerial photo of the Prophet’s Mosque in Medina, Saudi Arabia, holy Islamic religious monuments and places, Islam and worship, the Prophet’s Mosque
Pictures from various sides of the Prophet's Mosque in Medina in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, worship and closeness to God, the Prophet's Mosque, the Prophet Muhammad Mosque, the green dome of the landmarks of the Prophet's Mosque
Pictures from various sides of the Prophet's Mosque in Medina in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, worship and closeness to God, the Prophet's Mosque, the Prophet Muhammad Mosque, the green dome of the landmarks of the Prophet's Mosque
Electronic umbrellas in the courtyard of the Grand Mosque in Medina at sunset, worship and drawing closer to God, sacred Islamic religious places in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a destination for Muslims to perform worship and duties, the architectural engineering art of building the Prophet’s Mosque
Pilgrims and Umrah performers in the Holy Mosque of Mecca in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, circumambulating around the Kaaba, the Holy Kaaba, Hajj season, Hajj and Umrah, the Grand Mosque in
Minarets and domes in the modern Islamic style, getting closer to God Almighty through worship, holy Islamic places and landmarks, decorations and architectural designs for building mosques in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The clock tower in Makkah Al-Mukarramah from an upper angle in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Holy House of God, the Holy Mosque in Mecca, the beauty of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
The Noble Sanctuary in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, worship and drawing closer to God, Islamic religious landmarks, the Hajj season 2022, Muslim pilgrims circumambulating the Holy Kaaba in
The outer courtyard of the Noble Prophet’s Mosque in Medina, sacred religious landmarks and places in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Islamic matters and worship, the view of the sky full of clouds and clouds at sunset, obedience and closeness to God, the Islamic architectural art of the Mosque of the Messenger of God
The Prophet's Mosque in Medina, worship and drawing closer to God, sacred religious places and landmarks in Saudi Arabia, the moving roofs of the courtyards of the Prophet's Mosque during the day, arches and columns with Islamic-style interior decorations and designs
Modern Islamic architectural engineering art, Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque in Muscat Governorate in the Sultanate of Oman, famous sacred religious Islamic places and landmarks in the Sultanate of Oman, worship and getting closer to God, performing religious obligations
Calling Muslims to perform prayers and worship, the outer courtyard of the Noble Prophet’s Mosque in Medina, sacred religious landmarks and places in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the view of the clear blue sky during the day, obedience and closeness to God, the Islamic architectural art of the Mosque of the Messenger of God
A Saudi Arabian Gulf man wearing the Ihram dress and dragging his travel bag with his hand, preparing to perform the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, worship and getting closer to God, Islamism and worship
Luxury hotels, the Makkah Clock Tower from the courtyard of the Grand Mosque in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, hotels overlooking the Haram in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, worship and drawing closer
Changing and replacing the old covering of the Holy Kaaba with a new one, workers standing on cranes to replace the covering of the Muslim qibla, performing religious rituals and duties, the Hajj season in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the circumambulation of pilgrims around the Sacred House of God, sacred Islamic places and landmarks
Towering domes and minarets, performing religious duties and prayers and getting closer to God, a three-dimensional model of a mosque with Islamic-style designs, the architectural engineering art of building mosques in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, sacred Islamic religious landmarks
Architectural engineering art in the Islamic style, the square of the Prophet’s Mosque in Medina in the Kingdom, a close-up of Muslims gathering under the huge electronic umbrellas in the Prophet’s Mosque, the Hajj and Umrah season, worship and getting closer to God, the distinguished religious landmarks in Saudi Arabi
The Holy House of God in the Holy Mosque of Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, sacred Islamic places and landmarks, a close-up of the Holy Kaaba in Mecca in the evening, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, worship and getting closer to God, the Qiblah of Islam and Muslims
A picture of the Grand Mosque in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a group of people performing Hajj, the beauty of the Great Mosque of Mecca, the towers of the Grand Mosque in Mecca, the clock tower in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, worship and getting closer to God, t
Sacred religious places and landmarks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing prayers in the Prophet’s Mosque in Medina, worship and getting closer to God, interior designs and decoration in the Islamic style, the honorable garden inside the Prophet’s Mosque.
Supplication, reverence, and worship, a close-up picture of a Saudi Gulf Arab man wearing a shemagh and traditional dress, raising his hands in front of the Holy Kaaba, praying and asking God, sacred Islamic religious places and landmarks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Pilgrims and Umrah pilgrims in the Holy Mosque of Mecca, Islamic religious landmarks and places in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Holy Kaaba in Mecca, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, worship and getting closer to God
Circumambulation around the Holy Kaaba, a close-up of pilgrims in the Holy Mosque in Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, sacred Islamic religious places and landmarks
Gestures expressing contemplation of the verses of the Book of God, adherence to the precautions of the Corona virus, drawing closer to God by reading the Qur’an, a portrait of a Saudi Arabian Gulf man wearing the Ihram garment and the protective muzzle a
A picture of the worshipers at the Kaaba in the Great Mosque of Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, performing Hajj and Umrah, circumambulating the Kaaba, worshiping and getting closer to God, Islamic religious landmarks in Saudi Arabia
A picture of the Grand Mosque in the holy city of Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the square of the Holy Mosque in Mecca, worship and getting closer to God, Islamic religious landmarks in Saudi Arabia
Interior design and Islamic architectural art of the Grand Mosque in Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, an overhead photo of Muslims inside the Holy Mosque of Mecca, sacred Islamic religious places and landmarks, worship and closeness to God Almighty
Performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, pilgrims and long-term residents in the courtyards of the Grand Mosque in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, the Holy Mosque of Mecca in Saudi Arabia, Islamic religious landmarks and sacred places
Pilgrims of the Holy House of God in the outer courtyard of the Grand Mosque in Mecca, sacred Islamic spiritual places and areas in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, architectural art in religious monuments, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, worship and getting closer to God, Islamic matters and worship
The destination of Muslims from different countries, traffic movement in the streets of Medina, the Qiblatain Mosque in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the daytime, the architectural art of mosques, the city’s famous landmarks, sacred Islamic religious places, the concept of worship and getting closer to God Almighty.
Worship and drawing closer to God, a close-up of the lighthouse of the Prophet’s Mosque in Medina illuminated at night, architectural art in the Islamic style, sacred religious places and landmarks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Creative image of the Great Mosque of Mecca, the Kaaba in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in Saudi Arabia, performing Hajj and Umrah, circumambulating the Kaaba, the clock tower, worshiping and getting closer to God, Islamic religious landmarks in Saudi Arabia
The distinct mountainous nature, holy Islamic places, the graves of martyrs in the Bani Hashem cemetery, the Islamic cemetery of Al-Mu’alla at the foot of Mount Al-Hujun in Mecca, architectural art in the modern style of towers and buildings in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, famous religious landmarks
Close-up of pilgrims near the door of the Kaaba in the Holy Mosque in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in Saudi Arabia, performing Hajj and Umrah, circumambulating the Kaaba, worshiping and getting closer to God, Islamism and worship, Islamic holy places
A picture of pilgrims and Umrah performers inside the Great Mosque of Mecca in Makkah Al-Mukarramah, the obligation of Hajj, performing Umrah, circumambulating the Kaaba, Islamic landmarks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Islamism and worship.
The Qibla of Islam and Muslims, a close-up of the Holy House of God in the Holy Mosque of Mecca, holy Islamic places and landmarks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, worship and getting closer to God
Worship and getting closer to God, electronic umbrellas in the courtyard of the Grand Mosque in Medina at sunset, sacred Islamic religious places in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a destination for Muslims to perform worship and religious duties, the architectural engineering art of building the Prophet’s Mosque
Performing Umrah in Makkah Al-Mukarramah in the holy month of Ramadan, a brown man, a Saudi Arabian Gulf Muslim, wearing Ihram clothes, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, the arrival of pilgrims from inside Saudi Arabia, standing in front of the Gr
Pictures from various sides of the Prophet's Mosque in Medina in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, worship and closeness to God, the Prophet's Mosque, the Prophet Muhammad Mosque, the green dome of the landmarks of the Prophet's Mosque
Illumination of the Quba Mosque in Medina at night, worship and closeness to God, sacred religious monuments in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, architectural engineering of mosques in the Islamic style, inviting Muslims to perform prayers on time
Towers and luxury hotels in Mecca in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a close-up of the Royal Clock Tower illuminated at night, engineering designs of facilities overlooking the Holy Mosque of Mecca, landmarks and sacred religious places
Pictures from various sides of the Prophet's Mosque in Medina in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, worship and closeness to God, the Prophet's Mosque, the Prophet Muhammad Mosque, the green dome of the landmarks of the Prophet's Mosque
The view of the sky filled with clouds and clouds at sunset, obedience and closeness to God, the Islamic architectural art of the Mosque of the Messenger of God, the Noble Prophet’s Mosque in Medina, landmarks and sacred religious places in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Islamic matters and worship
The concept of worship and getting closer to God, the destination of Muslims from different countries to perform religious duties, a picture from the back of pilgrims to the Sacred House of God wearing white Ihram clothes at the time of the Sa’y between Safa and Marwa, Islamic holy places, Hajj season in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
The Grand Mosque in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, performing Hajj and Umrah, worship and getting closer to God, Islamic religious landmarks, Hajj season 2022, Muslim pilgrims circumambulating the Kaaba in Mecca
Group of workers cleaning the hills of Safa at the Grand Mosque, Jabal Al Safa and Al Marwa in Mecca, Saudi Arabia, Islamic holy places, Islamic religious landmarks, Islamism and worship
Prostration on the prayer rug, prayer and supplication to God, a portrait of a Saudi Arabian Gulf woman wearing the Ihram dress and performing the obligatory prayer, performing the rituals of Hajj and Umrah, drawing closer to God by performing acts of wor
Famous Islamic landmarks in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, places where Muslims from all over the world gather, performing Hajj and Umrah rituals, distinctive cardboard designs of the Kaaba in the Grand Mosque in Mecca.