Standing confidently and looking at the camera, a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab woman wearing the abaya and hijab and holding the Saudi flag proudly and proudly, celebrating the anniversary of Saudi National Day, Flag Day March 11, Saudi National Day September 23, sunrise background on the globe
A three-dimensional model of a space rocket launching towards the outside world, space trips to the moon, tourist flights, Saudi Arabia’s arrival to the outside world, development, growth and support of the space sector
A close-up of Saudi Arabian Gulf astronauts in the outside world, the emblem of the Saudi flag on the blue space suit, standing with crossed hands, a three-dimensional hologram background of the planet Earth, looking at the camera, Saudi Arabia's journey
Gestures of belonging and love for the country, a Saudi Gulf Arab family looks at the camera confidently, a man wearing a shemagh and white dress and carrying the flag of the Kingdom, the National Day for the Unification of Saudi Arabia, the Saudi National Day 8 Rabi’ al-Awwal, Flag Day March 11, the background of sunrise on planet Earth
Interest in the space sector in the Kingdom, promoting the concept of digital and technological development, using modern technologies, a smiling Saudi Arabian Gulf woman, veiled and wearing an abaya, standing in front of the planets and stars wearing virtual reality glasses, a 3D holographic background
Saudi Arabia's journey into outer space, standing with crossed hands, a Saudi Gulf Arab astronaut in the outside world, wearing a Saudi spacesuit and looking at the camera, the Saudi flag logo on the blue spacesuit, a 3D hologram background for the planet
Space travel to the moon, galaxies, planets and astronomy, close-up of an astronaut on the surface of the planet, space travel to the moon, science fiction arts, future technology and digital development, artificial intelligence and modern technology, upper atmosphere
View of the Milky Way in the sky and bright stars at night, camping and road trips, a picture from the back of a group of people sitting on the soft golden sand in the Saudi desert nature, a traditional Arab desert outing with friends
The emblem of the Saudi flag on the blue space suit, Saudi Arabia's journey towards the outside world, the concept of air navigation and space engineering, a portrait from behind of a Saudi Arab Gulf astronaut wearing a space uniform, professional leaders
Wearing the Saudi space suit, the Saudi flag logo on the blue space suit, Saudi Arabia’s journey into outer space, a picture from the back of a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut in the outside world, a three-dimensional holographic background of planet Earth
Saudi Arabia's arrival to the outside world, the moment the spaceship was launched from the desert lands in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, an intercontinental missile, the development, growth and support of the space sector, space trips to the moon, tourist flights.
Gestures of happiness and pride, a Saudi future vision 2030, the growth of the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, digital and technological development, a Saudi Gulf Arab young man wearing a traditional dress standing between the planets and stars looking up, a 3D holographic background of the movement of the planets around the sun
Saudi astronauts, the Saudi journey to outer space, the emblem of the Saudi flag on the blue spacesuit, a back image of a Saudi Arab Gulf astronaut in the space world, the development, growth and support of the space sector in the Arab world, a three-dime
Interest in the space sector in the Kingdom, a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab woman, veiled and wearing an abaya, standing in front of the planets and stars looking at the camera with gestures of happiness and pleasure, promoting the concept of digital and technological development, a 3D holographic background
Achieving development and growth in the space sector, celebrating with horses on the 93rd National Day on September 23, Saudi Arabia’s arrival to the outside world, a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut wearing a spacesuit carrying the flag of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and riding his horse, background of the moon’s surface
Integrating science with technology, interest in the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Saudi future vision 2030, digital and technological development, a Saudi Gulf Arab young man wearing traditional clothing standing in front of the planets and stars, a 3D holographic background of the planets
Condemning gestures meaning “Stop and Beware,” International Men’s Day, November 19, a request to stop and walk away, the concept of aeronautics and space engineering, a close-up portrait of a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut wearing a blue spacesuit with the Saudi flag logo, holding a wooden stick in his hand with a clip in the shape of a mustache, a blue background.
The development, growth and support of the space sector in Saudi Arabia, a close-up of a Saudi Gulf Arab astronaut wearing a blue spacesuit with the Saudi flag logo and a protective helmet, the reflection of the light of the flag on the face, celebration of Science Day on March 11 and National Day, the anniversary of the Saudi National Day on Rabi’ al-Awwal 8.
The merging of the light of science with the body of a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut wearing a blue space suit with the Saudi flag logo and a protective helmet, support and development of the space sector in Saudi Arabia, national holidays and events, celebration of Science Day on March 11 and National Day, commemoration of Saudi National Day on Rabi’ al-Awwal 8
Future vision 2030, a smiling Saudi Arab Gulf man standing between the planets and stars using a mobile phone, Saudi Arabia’s journey into outer space, gestures of happiness and pride, growth and development of the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Saudi future vision 2030, growth of the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, digital and technological development, a Saudi Gulf Arab young man wearing the traditional dress standing between the planets and stars looking through VR glasses, a 3D holographic background of the planets
Aeronautics and space engineering, tracking the process of spacecraft using tablets and satellites, a side photo of a Saudi Gulf Arab astronaut wearing the blue suit with the Saudi flag logo, Saudi women’s jobs, aurora borealis background
Development, growth and support of the space sector, space trips to the moon, tourist flights, Saudi Arabia’s access to the outside world, pictures from the inside of the spaceship in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, an intercontinental missile
The growth of the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, digital and technological development, a Saudi future vision 2030, a Saudi Gulf Arab young man wearing a traditional dress, looking through VR glasses and pointing with his hand to the planets and stars, a 3D holographic background of the movement of the planets around the sun
The 93rd anniversary of the National Day of the Unification of the Kingdom 1445, a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab woman wearing the abaya and hijab and carrying the Saudi flag, expressing love and loyalty to the homeland, Saudi Flag Day March 11, National Day September 23, Saudi Arabia’s journey into outer space, the background of the globe
The concept of patriotism, a veiled Saudi Gulf Arab woman wearing the abaya and carrying the Saudi flag, celebrating the anniversary of the Saudi National Day, the unification day of the Kingdom, September 23, the Saudi National Day, Science Day, March 11, the growth and development of the space sector, the background of the sunrise on Earth
Saudi National Day, the concept of loyalty and belonging to the homeland, a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab family looking at the camera, the anniversary of the National Day for the Unification of Saudi Arabia September 23, a man wearing a shemagh and thobe and carrying the flag of the Kingdom, Flag Day March 11, background of planet Earth at sunrise
Space Flight Control Center, a Saudi Arabian trip to outer space, the background of modern screens, a photograph from behind of a work team observing the moment the space shuttle launched from Saudi Arabia, Vision 2030
Saudi Arabia’s journey towards outer space, the growth and development of the space sector in Saudi Arabia, two Saudi Arabian Gulf businessmen shaking hands, Saudi space work agreements, a screen background displaying the path of the earth and planets mov
The development of the space sector in the Kingdom of Arabia, Saudi Arabia’s access to the outside world, astronauts standing in the research room, maintenance and repair of spacecraft, achieving the industrial revolution, future vision 2030, manufacturing the space shuttle with modern technology and technology.
Outer space and astronomy, an astronaut holding red heart balloons on Valentine's Day stands amidst golden sand and rock formations, romantic Valentine's Day atmosphere in the desert nature, technological progress and artificial intelligence, digital development and future technology
Natural places of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia at night, terrain, desert environment and wild plants in the city of Riyadh, a view of the Milky Way and the bright stars in the Saudi sky, nature background.
Interest in the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the paths of the planets around the sun, a Saudi Gulf Arab young man wearing a traditional dress, smiling, standing in front of the solar system looking through VR glasses, a Saudi future vision 2030, a 3D holographic background of the glowing sun
The emblem of the Saudi flag on the blue spacesuit, Saudi Arabia's journey to outer space, a back image of a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut in the space world, the development, growth and support of the space sector in the Arab world, Saudi astronauts, a th
Love of the homeland and preserving the country’s identity, the growth of the space sector in Saudi Arabia, a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab family looking at the camera, a man wearing a white thobe and shemagh and carrying the Kingdom’s flag, Flag Day March 11, celebrating Saudi National Day, Saudi National Day September 23
Saudi Arabia's journey towards the outside world, looking at the camera, a Saudi Gulf Arab astronaut wearing a Saudi space suit holding the flag of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia in outer space, Saudi astronauts, a 3D hologram background of the planet Earth
Portrait of a smiling Saudi Arabian Gulf Arab boy, wearing an astronaut costume, looking at the camera, behind him is the flag of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the anniversary of the Saudi National Day, celebrating the Saudi National Day, dreaming of becom
National Day for the Unification of the Kingdom, September 23, a picture from the back of a Saudi Gulf Arab man standing next to his wife and holding the Saudi flag, love of the homeland and preserving the country’s identity, anniversary of the Saudi National Day, Science Day March 11, development and growth of the space sector, background of sunrise on the globe
Commemoration of the National Day for the Unification of the Kingdom, a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab woman wearing the abaya and hijab and carrying the Saudi flag proudly and proudly, dedication and belonging to the homeland, Saudi Flag Day March 11, commemoration of the Saudi National Day September 23, Saudi Arabia’s journey into outer space
Interest in the space sector in the Kingdom, the use of advanced modern technologies, a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab woman, veiled and wearing an abaya, standing in front of the planets and stars, holding a tablet and looking at something, enhancing the concept of digital and technological development, a 3D holographic background
A screen background displaying the trajectory of the movement of the Earth and the planets around the sun, the growth and development of the space sector in Saudi Arabia, two Saudi Arabian Gulf businessmen shaking hands, Saudi space work agreements, Saudi
Artificial intelligence and technological progress, future technology and digital development, astronomy and outer space, astronaut on the surface of Mars, romantic atmosphere on Valentine's Day, red heart-shaped balloons for Valentine's Day
Saudi Arabia’s journey to the space world, commemoration of the Saudi National Day on September 23, pride in the country’s achievements, a Saudi Gulf Arab man wearing a spacesuit and riding a purebred Arabian horse, Science Day on March 11, the slogan and banner of monotheism and Islam, the background of a sky full of missiles
The growth of the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the integration of science and technology, a Saudi future vision 2030, digital and technological development, a Saudi Gulf Arab young man wearing a traditional dress standing in front of the planets and stars and looking at the camera, a 3D holographic background of the planets
Saudi Flag Day March 11, National Day Celebration September 23, Portrait of a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut wearing a Saudi space suit holding the flag of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, beige background
Space travel to the moon, galaxies, planets and astronomy, close-up of an astronaut on the surface of the planet, space travel to the moon, science fiction arts, future technology and digital development, artificial intelligence and modern technology, upper atmosphere
Saudi future vision 2030, growth of the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, gestures of happiness and pride, digital and technological development, a Saudi Gulf Arab young man wearing a traditional dress standing between the planets and stars looking at the camera, a 3D holographic background of the movement of the planets around the sun
Technological progress and artificial intelligence, digital development and future technology, outer space and astronomy, an astronaut holding red heart-shaped balloons on Valentine's Day stands amidst golden sands and rock formations, romantic Valentine's Day atmosphere in the desert nature
The slogan and banner of monotheism and Islam fluttering in the sky, pride in the country's achievements, Saudi Arabia's journey to the space world, a close-up photo from the back of a Saudi Arabian Gulf man wearing a space suit holding a helmet in his hand, the anniversary of Flag Day, March 11, towers and skyscrapers in the cities of the Kingdom
Commemoration of the Saudi National Day on September 23, Saudi Arabia’s journey into the space world, pride in the country’s achievements, a Saudi Gulf Arab man wearing a space suit and riding a purebred Arabian horse, Flag Day on March 11, the slogan and banner of monotheism and Islam, the background of a sky full of missiles
Driving ships and spacecraft, commemorating International Men’s Day, gestures looking at the camera with crossed hands, portrait of a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut wearing a blue spacesuit with the logo of the Saudi flag holding a wooden stick in his hand with a paper clip in the shape of a mustache, full length of the body, blue background
Exploratory tourist trips, Saudi Arabia’s arrival to the outside world, a close-up of a wise Gulf Arab Saudi man wearing an agal and a ghutra looking at something, support, growth and development of the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, planetary background
A 3D image of an astronaut wearing a custom suit sitting inside a spaceship, space trips to the moon, science fiction arts, future technology and digital development, artificial intelligence and modern technology.
Space travel to the moon, galaxies, planets and astronomy, close-up of an astronaut on the surface of the planet, space travel to the moon, science fiction arts, future technology and digital development, artificial intelligence and modern technology, upper atmosphere
Saudi Arabia’s journey into outer space, a veiled Saudi Gulf Arab woman wearing an abaya and carrying the flag of the Kingdom, preserving national identity, Saudi Flag Day, March 11, commemoration of the Saudi National Day, 8 Rabi’ al-Awwal, National Day for the Unification of Saudi Arabia, background of the globe
Achieving growth and development in the space sector, celebrating with horses on the 93rd National Day on September 23, Saudi Arabia’s arrival to the outside world, a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut wearing a space suit carrying the flag of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and riding his horse, starry sky background
Paths of movement of the planets around the glowing sun, a picture from the back of a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab woman, veiled and wearing an abaya, standing in front of the planets and stars, wearing virtual reality glasses and pointing with her index finger at something, interest in the space sector in the Kingdom, a 3D holographic background
Astronaut standing in front of a spacecraft, space science and astronomy, 3D spaceship, technology and technology development, artificial intelligence and digital development, future technology
Digital and technological development, a Saudi future vision 2030, the growth of the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a young Saudi Arabian Gulf man wearing a traditional dress standing between the planets and stars holding a mobile phone in his hand, displaying a blank black screen, a 3D holographic background of the movement of the planets around the sun
Saudi National Day September 23, Flag Day March 11, a picture from behind of a Saudi Gulf Arab couple, a man wearing traditional Saudi clothing and carrying the Kingdom’s flag to celebrate National Day, the concept of patriotism, sunrise on the globe
Digital and technological development, interest in the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, a Saudi Gulf Arab young man wearing a traditional dress, smiling, standing in front of the solar system looking up, a Saudi future vision 2030, a three-dimensional holographic background of the glowing sun
Astronaut on the surface of Mars, rocky hills and heights, space science and outer astronomy, future technology and digital development, artificial intelligence and technology development
Close-up of a paved asphalt road at night, paved roads and streets prepared for travel in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, sky scene full of bright stars, Milky Way Galaxy, nature background
Astronaut holding red heart balloons on Valentine's Day stands amidst golden sand and rock formations, Valentine's Day romantic atmosphere in desert nature, technological progress and artificial intelligence, digital development and future technology, outer space and astronomy
Space trips to planets, galaxies and astronomy, an astronaut holding a mobile phone in his hand on the surface of the moon, science fiction arts, future technology and digital development, the upper atmosphere.
A picture of a smiling Saudi Arabian Gulf Arab boy, wearing an astronaut outfit, raising his hand up, dreaming of becoming an astronaut, pointing upwards with different facial and hand gestures indicating happiness, dream of reaching space and the moon, b
The development, growth and support of the space sector in Saudi Arabia, a close-up of a Saudi Gulf Arab astronaut wearing a blue spacesuit with the Saudi flag logo and a protective helmet, the reflection of the light of the flag on the face, celebration of Science Day on March 11 and National Day, the anniversary of the Saudi National Day on Rabi’ al-Awwal 8.
Outer space and astronomy, astronaut on Mars, romantic Valentine's Day, red heart balloons for Valentine's Day, technological progress and artificial intelligence, digital development and future technology
Supermoon phenomenon at night, close-up of full moon in the sky in outer space, amazing space view, glowing round moon at night, planets shining in space, black background
Gestures of encouragement and applause for the successful launch of the spaceship, a Saudi Arabian trip to outer space, the background of modern screens, a photograph from behind of a work team observing the moment the space shuttle launched from Saudi Ar
Astronaut on the surface of Mars, rocky hills and heights, space science and outer astronomy, future technology and digital development, artificial intelligence and technology development
The concept of patriotism, the anniversary of the Saudi National Day, a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab family looking at the camera, a man wearing a white thobe and shemagh and carrying the flag of the Kingdom, Flag Day March 11, Saudi National Day 8 Rabi’ al-Awwal, Saudi Arabia’s journey into outer space
Remote communication through satellites, Saudi Arabia’s journey into outer space, future vision 2030, a smiling Saudi Arab Gulf man standing between the planets and stars communicating with others via mobile phone, gestures of happiness and pride, growth and development of the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Pride in the country’s achievements, Saudi Arabia’s journey into the space world, a close-up photo from the back of a Saudi Gulf Arab man wearing a space suit looking at the objects and universes in the sky, commemoration of the Saudi National Day on September 23, Flag Day on March 11, the slogan and banner of monotheism and Islam.
Breeding and training horses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, tourist flights, a picture from behind of a Saudi Gulf Arab man wearing a traditional dress and riding a purebred brown horse, love of equestrianism and riding horses, Saudi Arabia’s arrival to the outside world, background of the planets
The growth and development of the space sector in the Kingdom, Saudi Arabia’s journey to outer space, family bonding and spending time with children, gestures of pleasure and happiness, a Saudi Gulf Arab family standing confidently and looking at the came
Commemoration of the Saudi National Day on September 23, Saudi Arabia’s journey into the space world, pride in the country’s achievements, a close-up photo from the back of a Saudi Gulf Arab man wearing a space suit looking at the objects and universes in the sky, Science Day on March 11, the slogan and banner of monotheism and Islam
Breeding and training horses in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, tourist flights, a picture from behind of a Saudi Gulf Arab man wearing a traditional dress and riding a purebred brown horse, love of equestrianism and riding horses, Saudi Arabia’s arrival to the outside world, background of the planets
Modern digital technology, a Saudi future vision 2030, electronic growth and development in the field of artificial intelligence, holographic digital symbols for computer icons and Internet networks, a close-up picture from the side of a Saudi Gulf Arab youth wearing VR glasses, a virtual reality simulation
Pride in the country's achievements, Saudi Arabia's journey into space, a close-up side view of a Saudi Arabian Gulf man wearing a space suit holding the banner and flag of monotheism and Islam, the anniversary of Flag Day, March 11, towers and skyscrapers in the cities of the Kingdom
Gestures of encouragement and applause for the successful launch of the spaceship, a Saudi Arabian trip to outer space, the background of modern screens, a photograph from behind of a work team observing the moment the space shuttle launched from Saudi Ar
National Day 8 Rabi’ al-Awwal, Flag Day 11 March, a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab couple standing in front of the camera with confidence and pride, a man wearing a shemagh and white thobe and raising the Saudi flag, the concept of patriotism, planet Earth in outer space, Saudi National Day, sunrise background
Tracing the process of spacecraft via computers and satellites, the concept of aeronautics and space engineering, a portrait from behind of a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut wearing a Saudi spacesuit standing with a veiled Saudi woman, professional leadershi
Outer space and astronomy, astronaut on Mars, romantic Valentine's Day, red heart balloons for Valentine's Day, future technology and digital development, artificial intelligence and technology advancement
A request to stop and walk away, the concept of aeronautics and space engineering, a close-up portrait of a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut wearing a blue spacesuit with the logo of the Saudi flag holding a wooden stick in his hand with a clip in the shape of a mustache, International Men’s Day November 19, hand gestures meaning “stop and be careful,” blue background.
Outer space and astronomy, an astronaut holding red heart balloons on Valentine's Day stands amidst golden sand and rock formations, romantic Valentine's Day atmosphere in the desert nature, technological progress and artificial intelligence, digital development and future technology
Growth of the space sector in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, merging science with technology, Saudi future vision 2030, digital and technological development, a Saudi Gulf Arab young man wearing the traditional dress and shemagh looking at the planets and stars, a 3D holographic background of the planets’ paths around the sun
Portrait of a smiling Saudi Arabian Gulf Arab boy, dressed as an astronaut, raising his hand up, dreaming of becoming an astronaut, pointing upwards with different facial and hands gestures denoting happiness, dream of reaching space and the moon, white b
The slogan and banner of monotheism and Islam, Saudi Arabia’s journey to the space world, commemoration of the Saudi National Day on September 23, pride in the country’s achievements, a Saudi Gulf Arab man wearing a space suit and riding a purebred Arabian horse, Science Day March 11, the background of a sky full of missiles
Future technology and digital development, science fiction arts, space trips to the moon, a 3D image of an astronaut wearing a custom suit sitting inside a spaceship, artificial intelligence and modern technology.
Annual International Men's Day, gestures of looking at the camera with crossed hands, mastering the command of ships and spacecraft, a close-up portrait of a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut wearing a blue space suit with the logo of the Saudi flag, holding a wooden stick in his hand with a paper clip in the shape of a mustache, a blue background
Achieving development and growth in the space sector, Saudi Arabia's access to the outside world, development of technology and technology, exploratory tourism trips, 3D cartoon of an astronaut sitting on a rock on the moon with a camel, interest in caring for pets
Using modern technologies, a picture from the back of a smiling Saudi Arabian Gulf woman, veiled and wearing an abaya, standing in front of the planets and stars, displaying a blank black screen on the tablet, the paths of movement of the planets around the glowing sun, interest in the space sector in the Kingdom, a three-dimensional holographic background
Space Flight Control Center, a Saudi Arabian trip to outer space, the background of modern screens, a photograph from behind of a work team observing the moment the space shuttle launched from Saudi Arabia, Vision 2030
Saudi National Day, a smiling Saudi Gulf Arab woman wearing the abaya and hijab and carrying the Saudi flag proudly and proudly, feelings of belonging and love for the country, Flag Day March 11, Saudi National Day September 23, anniversary of the unification of the Kingdom, background of sunrise on the earth
Bright stars in the Saudi sky, jewels, highlands and sand dunes in the Kingdom, soft golden sand, sandy environment in the Arabian desert, nature background
Saudi Arabia's journey to outer space, the emblem of the Saudi flag on the blue space suit, a back image of a Saudi Arabian Gulf astronaut in the space world, the development, growth and support of the space sector in the Arab world, Saudi astronauts, a t
Technological progress and artificial intelligence, digital development and future technology, outer space and astronomy, an astronaut holding red heart-shaped balloons on Valentine's Day stands amidst golden sands and rock formations, romantic Valentine's Day atmosphere in the desert nature
Gestures of love and loyalty to the homeland, commemoration of Saudi National Day, a Saudi Gulf Arab family standing confidently and looking at the camera, a man wearing a shemagh and white thobe and carrying the flag of the Kingdom, Saudi National Day September 23, Flag Day March 11, sunrise background on the globe
Celebrating National Day, September 23, a close-up portrait of a smiling Saudi Arabian Gulf boy dressed as an astronaut, saying hello and greetings, Saudi Flag Day, March 11, the dream of reaching space and the moon, wishes and hopes for future professions and jobs, blue background.
Saudi Arabia’s journey towards outer space, a Saudi Arab Gulf businessman standing in front of a modern electronic screen, facial gestures indicating happiness, the growth and development of the space sector in Saudi Arabia, a screen background displaying
Celebrating Flag Day, March 11, commemorating Saudi National Day, a picture from behind of a veiled Saudi Arabian Gulf woman carrying the Saudi flag and looking at planet Earth, Saudi National Day, Rabi’ al-Awwal 8, Saudi Arabia’s journey into outer space, showing off and bragging about the nation’s achievements
Astronaut on the surface of Mars, rocky hills and heights, space science and outer astronomy, future technology and digital development, artificial intelligence and technology development